Toxoplasmosis

• Toxoplasmosis, caused by a parasite, makes you feel like you have the flu. Pregnant women are especially at risk. Symptoms include muscle aches and swollen lymph glands. It usually goes away on its own.
  
  

Hookworms and Roundworms

• Kittens are especially likely to get worms, and these are expelled through the stool. People can also contract these worms after cleaning the litter box. They are treatable with medication.
  
  

Campylobacter and Salmonella

• Both of these are bacteria that cause vomiting and diarrhea, cramping and fever. Campylobacter is more common in cat feces than salmonella. Treatment is not usually required.
  
  

Prevention

• Wear rubber gloves when cleaning the litter box. Scoop frequently, as toxoplasmosis does not become contagious until two or three days after the feces have been deposited. Always wash your hands thoroughly after scooping.
  
  

Special Health Concerns

• In general, women who are pregnant and anyone with a compromised immune system is better off leaving the litter-box cleaning to someone else. If you must do it, take the precautions described above. If you become infected, seek immediate treatment.