How a Lampshade Works

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  A lampshade is a cover on a lamp to diffuse the light of the bulb. Diffusing the light reduces glare and improves vision. During the Middle Ages, public lighting was developed with oil lamps kept alight by wicks. Metal reflectors directed the lamp light down toward the street or walkway. In the 19th century, gas lighting replaced oil lamps. Gas lighting was bright compared to oil, and the intense light was filtered by lamp covers. When electric lighting replaced gaslights in the early 20th century, lampshades were designed to diffuse the bright electric light. The early lampshades were utilitarian, but today they offer added safety or aesthetic benefits. A decorative lampshade may accent room furnishings, provide entertainment or add artistic impact. A well-chosen lampshade can reduce accidents, sooth childish fears and enhance adult romance.
  
  

Shade Types

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  A lampshade is made for functionality, but it can be made with materials that make it aesthetically or artistically pleasing and collectible. When a shade becomes torn or damaged, the frame is often salvaged. In many homes, the fabric is replaced with an heirloom or antique dress fabric stretched over the frame and stitched in place. Unique lamp and shade designs can become valuable. For example, original Tiffany lamps made in the early 20th century are rare, though the colorful designs are frequently seen as reproductions. One original Tiffany Studios lamp sold for more than $8 million, making the lamp into a major art investment.
  
  

Functionality

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  A lampshade is usually a symmetrical shape such as a cone, cylinder, square or globe that hangs around a free-standing or wall-mounted lamp. A lampshade may also be the glass cover over a ceiling light. Frequently, it is a fixed part of a lamp base or frame. Many lampshades are removable from the fixture so that they can be easily cleaned or replaced. A lamp and shade should be well-matched for the lamp size and purpose. For example, a fragile paper lamp shade too small or too close to the lamp may scorch or catch fire. Work area lamps should be covered by protective shades to guard the bulb from accidental breakage. Small children should have a lamp that keeps fingers away from the bulb and that does not break if the lamp falls.
  
  

Lifestyle Benefits

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  Lampshades can provide individual lifestyle benefits. With a focused lampshade, one person directs light for personal reading, while another is undisturbed by the bright light. Juvenile bedside lamps with rotating or animated shades can sooth and relax children. Romantics may prefer a bedroom lampshade that holds room-scenting perfume warmed by the lamp bulb. A lampshade sets the tone of the light and the illuminated room.